The UCC/Tyndall OPTICA Student Chapter are pleased to invite you on the 3-5 September 2024 to Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland for a workshop on Optical Fibre Communications: from networking to infrastructure challenges.
From submarine to terrestrial fibre communication networks and beyond, dive into the basics with us for an insightful 3-day workshop with industry experts, career talks and informative excursions.
The workshop will cover a broad spectrum of topics related to network infrastructure, security, fabrication, repairs, and maintenance. Additionally, it will explore political and environmental issues, challenges associated with submarine cables, and much more.
During this three-day workshop, you can look forward to two days of high-level technical talks, career discussions, and networking events at Tyndall National Institute. On the third day, there will be a day trip to Valentia Island to visit the Transatlantic Cable Station museum, followed by a tour of some significant places on this beautiful island in County Kerry and some free time for networking.
We are pleased to welcome expert speakers from leading companies and universities. Confirmed speakers are:
• John O’Shea, Google
• Goeff Bennett, Infinera
• Sandra Delany, Aquacomms
• Derek Cassidy, BT
• David Lloyd, EXA
• Camino Kavanagh, King’s College London
• Yann Amouroux, Optica
The agenda will be shared closer to the date.
Registration is free and includes the 2 days of lectures with tea/coffee breaks and lunches provided. It also covers a gala dinner and the day trip to Valentia Island.
The workshop is open to everyone keen to learn about optical communications but space is limited so priority will be given to postgraduate and undergraduate students, educators and academics. Please register with the link here by 18th August 2024.
If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to contact Julie Raulin (julie.raulin@tyndall.ie)
Please note that we are unable to sponsor accommodation or travel.
With thanks to our Sponsor: OPTICA
News & Events
Photonic Integration and Advanced Data Storage (PIADS) – update on some recent viva success!
2024 marks the year in which an important milestone in the Centre for Doctoral Training PIADS was achieved by several of our students. PIADS, having started in 2019, saw it’s first PhD students successfully completing their viva. Huge congratulations to:
Dr Ayse Ozcan Atar
PhD project: Inverted laser structures for photonic integration: epitaxy, simulation and design challenges
PhD supervision: Emanuele Pelucchi, Gediminas Juska
Dr Thomas O’Connor
PhD project: Boron containing alloys of III-Nitride semiconductors for Ultraviolet emission
PhD supervision: Peter Parbrook, Stefan Schulz
Dr Niall Boohan
PhD project: Modelling and Design of Feedback Insensitive Lasers
PhD supervision: Eoin O’Reilly, Brian Corbett
Dr Rhianne Curley
PhD project: Precision targeted tumor responsive fluorophores: theranostic probes for real time biomarker sensing and for intraoperative fluorescence guided surgery
PhD supervision: Tia Keyes
We wish you all great continued success!
Having now four alumni in our PhD training programme, PIADS is entering into 2025 with 21 active students hosted in IPIC. Their accomplishments are featured in our annual research report which will be published in early 2025. Stay tuned!
Valentia Island Symposium on Subsea Cable Security and Resilience
Public engagement @IPIC, on Thursday 10th October, researchers from Dublin & Cork’s Optical Communication department visited Valentia Island in County Kerry as part of the Valentia Island Subsea Cable Symposium at the Valentia Island Transatlantic Cable Station. Researchers engaged in presentations on the history, security and geopolitics of subsea cables.
Furthermore, they then met with the CEO of the Valentia Island Development Company to discuss potential future collaborations on initiatives being run on the island.
In the midst of all this, they were also able to visit the primary school on the island, where they provided some light educational engagement with the 4th, 5th and 6th class children, where the children learnt about light and got the opportunity to create their own spectroscopes.
Our Researchers have many opportunities to engage with members of the public, outreach events and school visits. We recently asked colleague Walter Messina, Biomedical Engineer for feedback on his Education & Public Engagement work –
For me it’s a great opportunity to introduce to kids some scientific concepts at an early age to trigger their curiosity to explore science and want to know more. I always want to add a fun element to the experience while adding some practical experiments to be done in class in front of their own eyes to see their excitement. I am always amazed to learn how they see science from their perspective and discover the points of view of a young mind, which makes me, in turn, see science from a different angle.
Should you have any queries on our Education & Public Engagement activities you can contact us at info@ipic.ie
Groundbreaking research at IPIC aims to eliminate skin colour bias in healthcare
IPIC’s Dr Sanathana Konugolu has been awarded €1.58 million from renowned funding body, European Research Council (ERC), to support his groundbreaking research project NOBIAS: “Novel diffuse Optical method to combat skin colour bias in non-invasive optical biomarker sensing devices”.
Skin colour bias in optical healthcare devices affects 2.2 billion people of colour worldwide. Dr. Konugolu’s project, NOBIAS, aims to develop a revolutionary Time Domain Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy (TDDOS) method to eliminate colour bias, motion artifacts and inaccuracies in optical biomarker devices such as pulse oximeters (used to measure oxygen levels in blood) and smartwatches.
This pioneering technology will address the critical need for more accurate and equitable medical diagnostics by focusing on the influence of skin pigmentation, variations in skin layer thickness, and composition across different ethnicities. The goal is to create a bias-free foundation for optical biomarker assessments that will enable a new era of accurate optical biomarker sensors for fitness and clinical bedside monitors.
Speaking about his work, Dr Konugolu explains: “My goal with the NOBIAS project is to lay the foundation for the world’s first bias-free and accurate optical biomarker sensing device and our hope is that its legacy will be the gold standard for bias-free clinical and personal biomarkers sensing”.
Professor Paul Townsend, Head of Photonics, Tyndall and Director of IPIC, said: “Dr Konugolu has consistently impressed me with his passion and commitment to the generation of new ideas and knowledge, as well as his ability to commercialise those ideas to realise new medical technologies that will benefit society in the future. This significant award confirms his outstanding potential as a world-leading biophotonics researcher, and I am confident the project will lead to new innovations that will be very impactful for the field”.
Welcoming the news, Martin O’Connell, EU Programme Manager at IPIC said: “ERC grants are among the most prestigious of any funding body worldwide and the successful award is testament to the research excellence consistently on display on an ongoing basis in IPIC.”
Optical Fibre Communications Workshop
The UCC/Tyndall OPTICA Student Chapter are pleased to invite you on the 3-5 September 2024 to Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland for a workshop on Optical Fibre Communications: from networking to infrastructure challenges.
From submarine to terrestrial fibre communication networks and beyond, dive into the basics with us for an insightful 3-day workshop with industry experts, career talks and informative excursions.
The workshop will cover a broad spectrum of topics related to network infrastructure, security, fabrication, repairs, and maintenance. Additionally, it will explore political and environmental issues, challenges associated with submarine cables, and much more.
During this three-day workshop, you can look forward to two days of high-level technical talks, career discussions, and networking events at Tyndall National Institute. On the third day, there will be a day trip to Valentia Island to visit the Transatlantic Cable Station museum, followed by a tour of some significant places on this beautiful island in County Kerry and some free time for networking.
We are pleased to welcome expert speakers from leading companies and universities. Confirmed speakers are:
• John O’Shea, Google
• Goeff Bennett, Infinera
• Sandra Delany, Aquacomms
• Derek Cassidy, BT
• David Lloyd, EXA
• Camino Kavanagh, King’s College London
• Yann Amouroux, Optica
The agenda will be shared closer to the date.
Registration is free and includes the 2 days of lectures with tea/coffee breaks and lunches provided. It also covers a gala dinner and the day trip to Valentia Island.
The workshop is open to everyone keen to learn about optical communications but space is limited so priority will be given to postgraduate and undergraduate students, educators and academics. Please register with the link here by 18th August 2024.
If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to contact Julie Raulin (julie.raulin@tyndall.ie)
Please note that we are unable to sponsor accommodation or travel.
With thanks to our Sponsor: OPTICA
explorer 2024
On May 2nd, Explorer 2024 concluded successfully with projects pitching their deep tech pre-commercialisation projects. Seven enthusiastic and hard working teams presented their outcomes. Congratulations to all involved, especially to the winning team “PIXSA” from the Centre for Advanced Photonics & Process Analysis (CAPPA), Munster Technological University: S. Hadi Badri and Samira Jastan presented their innovative idea of Integrating optical chips into smart wearables for Painless Blood Sugar Monitoring. S. Hadi Badri has commented “Entering explorer, we had a raw idea, but the program was instrumental in helping us refine it significantly. Through the program’s workshops and mentorship, we were able to evolve our idea. We gained valuable insights into market needs and adapted our concept to ensure it has a strong commercial fit. The program equipped us with the tools to effectively communicate the value proposition of our solution. Our next steps involve conducting a thorough proof-of-concept phase to validate the technical and commercial feasibility of our solution. Following successful proof of concept, we plan to apply for commercialization funding from Enterprise Ireland to support the next stage of our spin-out journey. The program’s expert guidance and focus on pre-commercialization are crucial for researchers and entrepreneurs. We highly recommend Explorer to any researcher or entrepreneur looking to bridge the gap between research and commercialization. We’re incredibly grateful for the opportunity to participate in Explorer and look forward to the exciting journey ahead!”
We are looking forward to seeing all teams progress towards becoming successful spinouts. Across the teams there was representation from IPIC, IERC of Tyndall National Institute, CAPPA, MTU and Connect Centre, TCD and Tyndall National Institute; working on different ideas, from Nature-tech, Energy, Display to MedTech.
The Explorer deep-tech pre-commercialisation programme aimed to help researchers to define their innovative ideas, and start their commercialisation journey. During the 3-months of the programme, more than 700 hours of training and mentorship were provided, involving 35 mentors, experts, entrepreneurs, investors, TTO case managers and innovation managers contributed to the success of the programme.
The programme is a collaboration led by IPIC-the SFI Centre for photonics, with Tyndall National Institute, ams-Osram, CONNECT (the SFI Centre for Future Networks and Communications), with support of Enterprise Ireland, Atlantic Bridge, IPCEI, Nova UCD, DogPatch Labs, MIDAS and Science Foundation Ireland.
If you are interested in the programme, reach out to us to learn more. Explorer will be accepting applications for its next programme in October 2024 for a January 2025 start.
IPIC’s Photonics Packaging Group partners with MIT on chip development
IPIC’s Photonic Packaging Group let by Prof. Peter O’Brien have been awarded funding by the National Science Foundation in the US to diversify and strengthen the supply chain for manufacturing and packaging of semiconductor devices. This collaborative project, FUTUR-IC is a reference to the future of integrated circuits, or chips, through a global alliance for sustainable microchip manufacturing. FUTUR-IC brings together stakeholders from industry, academia, and government to co-optimize Technology, Ecology, and Workforce across three dimensions. For more please click here.
MIT’s Principal Research Scientist, Anu Agrawal states “The current microchip manufacturing supply chain, which includes production, distribution, and use, is neither scalable nor sustainable and cannot continue. We must innovate our way out of this future crisis”
Prof. O’Brien has commented “We have established a deep and impactful partnership with our collaborators at MIT over the past years. FUTUR-IC is a new strand in that partnership, enabling us to deliver meaningful global impacts and strengthen research collaboration between Europe and the US.”
FAME – Second International Workshop on Fundamentals and Advances of MOVPE processes
After the success of the first edition, the second edition of FAME (2024) – Second International Workshop on Fundamentals and Advances of MOVPE processes will be held at Eindhoven University of Technology (Netherlands) on July 8-9th 2024.
As before, this workshop will focus on epitaxy and related fundamental processes in MOVPE (and other close enough epitaxial techniques). Motivation being to stimulate debate in the community about the physical processes’ unknowns which need deeper understanding to advance our research field(s).
In this sense the workshop aims to be a hardcore epitaxial forum, merging growth, theory and characterization, and focusing more on “why something is possible” than on the devices that are made possible, which remain, unquestionably, a strong motivating avenue.
The workshop will maintain the original structure, and will be structured with approximately 20 invited talks delivered by senior researchers and experts, including young rising researchers, over two days. The aim is to have an informal but vibrant discussion forum, capable of stimulating ideas and dialogue between experts in the field, concentrating on the specifics of the “science” and less on the application overview aspects. For full details see program-FAME II V2.
There are no fees associated to this event. The organizing committee will arrange and cover lunches, coffee breaks and social events (workshop dinner), but will not be in the position to cover accommodation and travel.
The workshop will take place in the meeting room of: Qubit 1st floor. (this is building 21 on the TUe_Map – this building is accessible via FLUX building 19 on the map).
Invited Speakers (others to be confirmed)
Laetitia Vincent, Paris Saclay
Daniele Lanzoni, Bicocca
Michael Nolan, Tyndall
Camille Barbier, Tyndall
Julien Bosch, CEA
Akanksha Kapoor, TU/e
Bernardette Kunert, IMEC
Stefano Sanguinetti, University of Milano
Elizaveta Semenova, DTU
Magnus Borgstrom, Lund Univeristy
Dan Buca, Juelich
Ernesto Joselevich, Weizmann
Elisa Sala, University of Sheffield
Tim Wernicke, TU Berlin
Heinz Schmid, IBM Zurich
The organising committee members are:
Erik Bakkers, Emanuele Pelucchi, Peter Parbrook, Christophe Durand, Francesco Montalenti, Michael Jetter
Sponsors:
Frank Peters receives SFI Industry Partnership Award 2023
We are delighted to congratulate our colleague Prof. Frank Peters on receipt of SFI Industry Partnership Award 2023. This is in recognition of his work with IPIC in partnership with Rockley Photonics, University College Cork & Tyndall National Institute. Frank has been working in photonic research for over 30 years, he has filed over 80 patents. He has been part of three start-ups including, most recently, Rockley Photonics and the creation of the Irish research division of Rockley. On the award Frank responded “I am delighted to receive the SFI Industry Partnership Award. None of this would have been possible without the outstanding IPIC team at Tyndall, who provided the support, encouragement and hard work required to enable the research and development projects – thank you to David McGovern, Patrick Morrissey, Ann Heffernan, Anna Kaar, Paul Townsend (IPIC), and Anthony Morrissey (UCC Innovation). Thanks to Rockley Photonics and the wonderful research partnership with them. I am also thankful to the School of Physics, and SEFS for providing the flexibility to let me spend extended time working with industry.”
It’s better to spend a few years doing what you love then none at all.
We have to keep changing ourselves as change is the only constant.
To me, inspiration come from people whom we get to see every day and have the luxury of long chats.
Fusion energy satisfied my desire to learn, and the Côte d’Azur my desire for sunshine and good wine.
It’s through exploration that you may discover your true calling.
Learning to do things that you may not like so much, is also part of the experience.
Seek knowledge from the cradle to the grave.
Ultimately, it’s crucial to believe in oneself, follow one’s passion, and be open to the opportunities that lie ahead.
I believe it’s important for everyone to take the time to understand their strengths, passions, and weaknesses as a means of discovering their path.
For someone who is unsure of which path to take, I would advise them to listen to their heart.
IPIC All Centre Day – The Power of Open Networks
Recently IPIC gathered members from across all institutions; Tyndall National Institute, Munster Technological University, Dublin City University, National University of Ireland Galway, Trinity College Dublin, University College Cork and University of Limerick. We workshopped the following topics: –
We had 120 staff and students in attendance, working together on the above topics assessing where we are with these, identifying any gaps and planning for how we grow and evolve moving forward in addressing today and tomorrow’s grand societal challenges. We also had time for a poster session, networking and opportunity to meet new faces and those we had only met on screen due to the past years of covid. The day was a great success. As a centre we have achieved a lot, but still a lot more to do.
For further information reach out to the team at info@ipic.ie
Paper in top 3 IEEE Photonics Technology
Paper III-V-on-Si DFB Laser With Co-Integrated Power Amplifier Realized Using Micro-Transfer Printing published by IEEE is currently in the top 3 downloaded in IEEE Photonics Technology letters this year. This work was supported in part by both the European Union and Science Foundation Ireland (SFI). Credit goes to a number of Researchers, including IPIC’s own Brian Corbett and Emanuele Pelucchi. Follow this link to read the paper.
FAME – First International Workshop on Fundamentals and Advances of MOVPE processes
The first edition of FAME (2023) – First International Workshop on Fundamentals and Advances of MOVPE processes will be held in Cork (Ireland) on July the 13-14th 2023.
For the epitaxy community this workshop will focus on the fundamental processes in MOVPE (and other close enough epitaxial techniques). Motivation being to stimulate debate in the community about the physical processes’ unknowns which need deeper understanding to advance our research field(s). In this sense the workshop aims to be a hardcore epitaxial forum, merging growth, theory and characterization, and focusing more on “why something is possible” than on the devices that are made possible, which remain, unquestionably, a strong motivating avenue.
The workshop will be structured with approximately 20 invited talks delivered by senior researchers and experts over two days. The aim is to have an informal but vibrant discussion forum, capable of stimulating ideas and dialogue between experts in the field, concentrating on the specifics of the “science” and less on the application overview aspects.
There are no fees associated to this event. The organizing committee will arrange and cover lunches, coffee breaks and social events (workshop dinner), but will not be in the position to cover accommodation and travel.
Invited Speakers
1 Christophe Durand – CEA
2 Andre Strittmatter – Magdeburg University
3 Dimitri Vvedensky – Imperial College
4 Erik Bakkers – Eindhoven Tech. Univ.
5 Menno Kappers – Cambridge University
6 Bernardette Kunert – IMEC
7 Michael Jetter – Stuttgart Univ.
8 Heinz Schmid – IBM Zurich
9 Arnab Bhattacharya – Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai
10 Emanuele Pelucchi – Tyndall National Institute
11 Lucia Sorba – CNR Pisa
12 Elisa M Sala – Sheffield University
13 Elizaveta Semenova – Technical University of Denmark
14 Peter Parbrook – Tyndall/UCC
15 Francesco Montalenti – University of Milano-Bicocca
16 Laetitia Vincent – University Paris-Saclay
17 Blandine Alloing – CNRS-CRHEA Valbonne
18 Hannah J. Joyce – Cambridge University
19 Michael Nolan – Tyndall National Institute
20 Wouter Peeters – Eindhoven Tech. Univ.
21 Pietro Pampili – Tyndall National Institute
To register your seat please follow this link
For schedule see FAME_Programme_final
The organising committee are:
Emanuele Pelucchi, Peter Parbrook, Michael Jetter, Erik Bakkers, Christophe Durand
IPIC attend Photonics West 2023
IPIC host the Photonics Ireland Pavilion at the SPIE BiOS and Photonics West conference & exhibition 2023. This event is attracting thousands of attendees keen to engage with industry partners and technologists, with over 1100 exhibiting companies. You will find Photonics Ireland Pavillion at booth 4645. We have a strong representation from Ireland across Tyndall, IPIC and industry colleagues from BioPixS; Eblana Photonics; mBryonics; Pilot Photonics; X-Celeprint and iSLight.
Many of our colleagues have also presented papers at the conference, below are members of the Biophotonics team.
Please reach out if you’d like any further information info@ipic.ie
Explorer Pre-Accelerator Programme now accepting applications for 2023
We are happy to announce that the Explorer Pre-Accelerator Programme is now accepting applications for 2023!
Explorer 2023 has been launched as a collaboration between the Irish Photonic Integration Centre (IPIC) with Tyndall, international high-tech photonics ams OSRAM, Confirm SFI Research Centre for Smart Manufacturing, CONNECT Centre and with support from Atlantic Bridge, Intel Corporation, IPCEI, MIDAS Ireland, NovaUCD and Science Foundation Ireland.
We are looking for impressive ideas at an early stage that seek to make a real difference and address the societal and environmental changes that we face today. Up to 8 ideas will be selected to participate on fifteen half-day workshop sessions, culminating in a programme showcase.
Applications close on January 23rd.
Find out more: https://www.tyndall.ie/explorer
There were lots of influences in my choice to become a scientist…
Sometimes it’s hard to pursue the career you like, but that’s worth it…
Photonics100: listed IPIC’s Prof Liam Barry and Dr Frank Smyth of Pilot Photonics
Electro-Optics Magazine recently launched the inaugural Photonics100 list of the most innovative people in Photonics, we are delighted to see Prof. Liam Barry from IPIC@DCU and Dr. Frank Smyth from Pilot Photonics, an IPIC Industry Partner included in the list. This listing honours those that are the driving force behind the evolution of photonics technologies.
The team in DCU has been developing innovative comb laser technologies for almost two decades. These technologies played a key role in the formation of Pilot Photonics in 2011 and the company has now developed miniaturized comb lasers based on photonic integration that it is using to target high growth, mass markets. “Our journey towards the photonic integration of our technology started through a series of meetings and early projects with IPIC researchers back in 2014. Unlike most comb lasers our technology is well suited to monolithic photonic integration which means that single-chip PICs enhanced with comb laser capabilities can be mass produced at wafer scale today. This opens up large opportunities in the telecoms, satellite comms, and aerospace markets.” commented Dr. Smyth, CTO at Pilot Photonics.
The research teams in DCU and Pilot continue to innovate collaboratively in the comb laser space and are now focused on energy efficient data centres and satellite communication technologies through an IPIC targeted project, a Disruptive Technologies Innovation Fund project, and an EU Training Network Programme.
Commenting on the inaugural Photonics100 list, Prof. Barry from IPIC@DCU noted that “the inclusion of Irish based researchers is clear evidence of the innovative work being carried out in Photonics in Ireland, and puts the country in a strong position to benefit both socially and economically from the growth in the photonics sector over the coming decades”.
Useful links:
Dr Frank Smith and Pilot Photonics
Prof Liam Barry
Electro Optics
IPIC research aligns to United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
IPIC’s, David McGovern (SDG Champion) has been working with our Researchers to assist in mapping our research to the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. The 17 goals are a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015. IPIC research is currently impacting goals SDG 3-Good Health & Well-being; SDG7-Affordable & Clean Energy and SDG 9-Industry Innovation & Infrastructure. There is also good progress being made to tackle SDG6-Clean Water & Sanitation; SDG12-Responsible Consumption & Production and SDG8-Decent Work & Economic Growth.
To discover more, see UCC’s activities here and the UN’s site here.
Should you have any questions don’t hesitate to reach out to us at info@ipic.ie
Funding success in Europe for early stage researchers in Tyndall
IPIC, is pleased to announce the participation of two of its early stage researchers in 2 newly started Horizon Europe projects. The Lolipop project with Tyndall lead Dr Padraic Morrissey from the Photonics Packaging group will deal with the integration of Lithium Niobate (LiNB) on Insulator (LNoI) and Silicon Nitride as a hybrid but disruptive platform, to take advantage of the excellent electro-optical properties of LiNb. This disruptive platform will offer the highest integration, modulation and second order nonlinear performance in the entire spectrum from 400 up to 1600 nm, based on the combination of the LNOI and the silicon-nitride technology. As the global market of bulk LN modulators is huge, significant impact can be expected due to the integration of the two complementary material systems.
Dr Morrissey commented “Our main role is in the design and optimization of micro transfer printing for the transfer of LNOI films onto a TriPlex platform, which will enable a dramatic miniaturization of the device footprint”
The Lolipop project is coordinated by the Institute of Communication and Computer Systems in Greece and runs from September 2022 to February 2026.
The Phormic project, with leads Dr Padraic Morrissey from the Photonics Packaging group and Dr Cleitus Antony from the Photonic Systems Group, will establish a European platform for next-generation programmable photonic chips with a low adoption threshold for product developers in diverse application domains. e.g. in data center communication, sensing and mm-wave wireless beamforming.
Dr Antony stated, “Control electronics is an essential part of the architecture to realise a multipurpose photonic processor. We will develop the electronic interface and digital control circuits to tune hundreds of programmable photonic elements on a single chip.”
The project is coordinated by IMEC in Belgium and runs from October 2022 to March 2026. The proposed multipurpose programmable photonic processors will accelerate photonic prototyping, will be cost-effective for low-volume products, and will provide a low-barrier entry point for photonics innovators, including SMEs. The platform will provide opportunities for the integration of on-chip tuneable lasers with large spectral coverage, increased functionality of photonic circuits, due to lower power consumption and therefore enable the adoption and innovation of research-oriented photonic chips. This acceleration of development could have a significant impact on the use of photonics across European industry, including reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions thanks to e.g. fibre-optic links and environmental and industrial sensors. Both groups have received over 1M€ in total funding to fulfil their roles in these projects.
Martin O’Connell, Head of EU Programmes in IPIC, welcomed the award stating “The participation of both Drs Morrissey and Antony is testament to our efforts in developing the next generation of future research leaders and is thus aligned with our Tyndall 2025 strategy”
Being a scientist as a job could help me connect some of my personal desires…
The only way you can grow is by educating yourself in any field you wish to (Part 2)